This study synthesises insights from “Natural Capital Germany – TEEB DE,” with a particular focus on rural areas. The objectives of the TEEB (The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity) study were to explore causes of the continued decline of ecosystem services and biodiversity and to introduce case studies exemplifying their economic significance in land use decisions. Building upon this analysis, key recommendations for policy, planning, and management are provided.
This is part two of the publication resulting from the Second Policy Forum on Natural Capital Accounting for Better Decision Making, which was co-hosted by the World Bank, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands (MFA), and United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) in 2017. It compiles seven case studies of natural capital accounting in policy-making: two each on Australia and the Pacific, as well as one each for New Zealand, Peru, and Uganda.
This report provides guidance on seeking information that supports the integration of ecosystem services into policy and public management.
This case study proposes a replicable methodology that can be used to identify and map green infrastructure elements at the landscape level, based on the notions of ecological connectivity, multi-functionality of ecosystems, and maximisation of benefits both for humans and for natural conservation. The method is applied in a continental scale analysis covering the EU-27 territory, taking into account the delivery of eight regulating and maintenance ecosystem services and the requirements of large mammals’ populations.
This study examines how ecosystem services can be valued and mapped and presents a case study for Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.
This paper reports on the findings of the Southern Palawan Pilot Ecosystem Account in the Philippines, which follows a standardized system called the System of Environmental Economic Accounting – Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EEA) that ensures comparability, both nationally and internationally, and consistency with regularly produced economic statistics. Therefore, ecosystem accounts can be used to monitor trends in natural capital as well as the enforcement of resource management policies.
This paper discusses how best to take into account impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services in cost-benefit analyses.

This case study compiles and synthesises data on marine ecosystem services to help identify the key ecosystem values of the Northern Mozambique Channel (NMC) region, one of the world’s outstanding terrestrial and marine biodiversity areas and a biological reservoir for the entire coastal area of East Africa.
This cost-benefit analysis study was conducted within the CITYWATER project, which aimed to promote the implementation of water protection actions to improve the state of the local waters and the Baltic Sea. It consists of five case studies representing differing measures. The results show that investments in infrastructure such as wastewater treatment plants and port reception facilities, as well as in natural solutions such as stormwater wetland and agricultural buffer zones, result in significant reductions in nutrient loads.
This paper estimates the economic value of ecosystem services of Piatra Craiului National Park in Romania by using a number of recognized methodologies applied by environmental economists around the world. The approach and results include a benefit distribution analysis, for both the economic sectors and the groups of beneficiaries.