Water Accounts in Madagascar: Concepts and results (in French)

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Autorité Nationale de l’ Eau et de l’ Assainissement, Wealth Accounting and the Valuation of Ecosystem Services (WAVES)

In this technical paper, Water Accounts in Madagascar: Concepts and results, results for national water accounts prepared as part of the WAVES partnership are presented. These water accounts will make it possible to improve the management of water in the Malagasy territory, in proportion to the consumption of users, and to meet the needs of industries and growth sectors.

In Madagascar, the renewable water resources available per inhabitant are estimated at 23 057 m3/inhabitant/year on average between 2001 and 2013, one of the highest in the world. The agricultural sector used an average of 14,340 hm3 of water in 2012, largely for irrigation purposes. The supply of electricity requires 5,470 m3 of water, or 11% of the water use. Renewable water resources are estimated at 286,550 m3, although the water exploitation index is less than 5%. Thus, Madagascar needs to develop its natural storage capacities of lakes and aquifers, in order to equitably distribute access to water as needed and to store and transfer the water collected during the rainy months of the dry season. 

The Water Accounts relate to physical and stock flows (reserves and wetlands) and monetary concerns (cost of water supply for each sector, water consumption and use tariffs, subsidies to user associations). To date, irrigated agriculture is the largest user of water in all of Madagascar. Additionally, a study was conducted to evaluate the value added per m3 of water in the irrigated agricultural sector of the Lake Alaotra and Marovoay basins. This study showed that the value added per m3 of water withdrawn is between 70 and 180 Ar/m3 in Marovoay and between 200 and 360 Ar/m3 on Lake Alaotra. It also shows that to produce 1,000 Ariary of value added, it takes on average 5 m3 of water. These water accounts will make it possible to improve the management of water in the Malagasy territory, in proportion to the consumption of users, and to meet the needs of industries and growth sectors. The combination of water consumption and water resource allocation by sector provides an indication of the efficiency of water use in each economic sector.

This report is available in French.

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Madagascar
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water resources
irrigated agriculture
natural capital accounting

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