This working paper analyses the nationally determined contributions (NDCs) of the Asian Development Bank’s developing member countries. It focuses on the intent and preparedness of member countries to use market mechanisms in achieving targets set out in their NDCs.
Preventing and reducing plastic pollution is about more than waste management. This report applies a circular economy perspective to plastics and presents frameworks for addressing related sustainability challenges. A shift to a circular economy will require coordinated policy interventions at all stages of the life-cycle of plastics, including: resource extraction and refining, design and manufacture of products, trade and retail, use and reuse, recycling, and final disposal when necessary.
This report provides key messages on major environmental trends in areas such as climate change, biodiversity, water resources, air quality, and circular economy, based on indicators from the OECD Core Set of Environmental Indicators.
This report examines the emergent role of sustainable finance and investment in Japan and scrutinize the need for the Japanese financial system to mitigate growing climate risks and support the transition of the Japanese economy to a low-carbon, sustainable pathway.
While plastic pollution is a global problem, around 60 percent of marine plastic debris enters the ocean from just five countries: China, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Philippines. This report focuses on the challenge of managing plastic packaging waste in Southeast Asia and China. In addition to showing the scale of the challenge, the report gives an idea of the funds that could be raised if these countries introduced extended producer responsibility (EPR) schemes, under which companies that place plastic packaging on the market cover the costs of its proper management—from collection and sorting to recycling and disposal.
The purpose of this Compendium is to provide the market and its stakeholders with a summary reference document of the most significant developments in international policy initiatives, and best market practices, within the sustainable capital debt market and broader financial community.