The governments of Australia, Botswana, Canada, Peru, and the United States are proud to have founded the Energy Resource Governance Initiative (ERGI) with the goal of sourcing and disseminating best practices across the international mining sector. Though their mining sectors have evolved in dramatically different ways, the five founding members of ERGI all have robust mining economies that reflect global best practices. As a way of disseminating these best practices, the founding partner countries have developed the ERGI Toolkit to share and reinforce best practices for mining development, from the mapping of mineral resources to the closure and reclamation of mines. Every national mining sector, and the policy decisions that can best support it, are different - as such the practices documented here are not meant to be prescriptive, but instead offer a view of how different mining leaders have succeeded in the past.