The objective of the Sustainable Land, Water and Biodiversity Conservation, and Management for Improved Livelihoods in Uttarakhand Watershed Sector Project for India is to improve the productive potential of natural resources and increase incomes of rural inhabitants in selected watersheds through socially inclusive, institutionally and environmentally sustainable approaches. The project encompasses three themes: (i) community participation in watershed development and management aimed at integrating land-water use with the objectives of moisture retention and biomass production, while simultaneously enhancing incomes and livelihood options; (ii) strengthening administrative capacity of Gram Panchayats to manage project financial resources, implement sub-projects, deliver legally mandated service, and to sustain those services beyond the duration of the project; and (iii) ensuring equitable participation by all groups, especially the landless and women who rely disproportionately on common resources for fodder, fuel, and other forest products.