This paper presents a comparative analysis of green industrial policy strategies recently advanced by the European Union and the United States, extending its insights to the evolving policy landscape in Japan.
The analysis highlights the systematic approach of the European strategy, which balances emissions constraints with incentives and support policies under the European Green Deal. In contrast, the US strategy prioritizes innovation and fiscal incentives to stimulate the clean energy sector, exemplified by the Inflation Reduction Act.
By examining these strategies, the paper explores how Japan can navigate its unique socio-economic challenges by leveraging lessons from both regions. The focus is on energy security, climate resilience, and supply chain diversification.