Critical Transitions: Circularity, equity, and responsibility in the quest for energy transition minerals

The global shift away from fossil fuels requires vast quantities of minerals, but these minerals must be sourced in a socially and environmentally responsible way to avoid negative impacts.

This paper explores how energy transition minerals can be used efficiently and responsibly while supporting the green transition. It emphasizes the need for circularity and equitable benefit-sharing between producer and consumer countries.

It also highlights the environmental and social risks of an unchecked mineral demand, stressing the importance of meeting climate, biodiversity, and pollution goals alongside the energy transition.