This chapter describes a range of financial instruments increasingly used by public development finance providers to mobilise resources for investment in developing countries. It focuses on the functioning of pooling mechanisms, guarantees and equity investments, and their potential to mobilise private investment in key sectors such as infrastructure.This chapter also includes two opinion pieces. The first is by Pierre Jacquet, President of the Global Development Network, on how official development assistance should be used to enhance risk sharing between the private and public sectors. The second is by Owen Barder of the Center for Global Development on stimulating private investment by ensuring genuine returns for success.