Buildings represent a key area for climate change mitigation. They account for approximately 30% of global energy consumption, and in turn generate around 20% of all energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Current trends in population growth and urbanization will lead to a significant need for new buildings in the near future. Such growth will bring with it a rise in energy consumption and associated GHG emissions – and not just from residential buildings but also the commercial and industrial developments that accompany them. Considerable opportunities exist to realize significant gains in energy efficiency and implement low-carbon strategies in urban areas.