International Good Practice Principles for Sustainable Infrastructure and the Integrated Approaches in Action / 《可持续基础设施的国际良好实践原则》及其配套刊物《实践中的综合方法》

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联合国环境规划署（UNEP）的一份报告《可持续基础设施的国际良好实践原则》指出，发展可持续的基础设施对于应对气候变化、改善公共服务和推动 COVID-19 经济复苏至关重要。它敦促规划者和决策者对可持续基础设施采取更系统的方法，将其纳入他们的长期发展计划，并确保人造系统与自然系统协同工作。

“我们不能再对基础设施使用一切照旧的方法，这会导致生态破坏和大量二氧化碳排放。 对可持续基础设施的投资不仅对环境有利，而且还能带来经济和社会效益。 低碳、有利于自然的基础设施项目有助于最大限度地减少该行业的环境足迹，并为缩小基础设施差距提供更可持续、更具成本效益的途径，”联合国环境署执行主任英格·安德森 (Inger Andersen) 说。

报告提到，建成环境，如办公大楼、高速公路、发电厂，占所有温室气体排放量的 70%。 设计不佳的基础设施还可能使当地居民流离失所，危及野生动物，并影响公共财政数十年。

“我们迫切需要将可持续和气候适应型基础设施作为绿色增长的一个组成部分，以提供能源、水和交通解决方案，从而促进机会、连通和可持续增长。”前联合国秘书长潘基文说。他现任全球绿色增长研究所（GGGI）所长，GGGI也是环境署的合作伙伴。潘基文还表示，这份报告是“一个对于发展可持续基础设施非常有用的指导框架。”

为了帮助各国实现这一目标，这份报告为各国政府将可持续性纳入其基础设施决策提供了指导原则。它建议各国将其基础设施规划与联合国可持续发展目标相结合，这是人类更美好未来的蓝图。 它还敦促尽量减少建设项目的环境足迹，并让当地社区有意义地参与基础设施决策。

该报告还强调了可持续基础设施的经济回报，包括可再生能源工厂、环保公共建筑和低碳交通。 它说，投资可再生能源和能源效率创造的就业机会是投资化石燃料的五倍。 根据世界银行的数据，在发展中国家每投资 1 美元有韧性的基础设施可以创造 4 美元的回报。

此外，环境署还发布了《可持续基础设施的国际良好实践原则》的配套刊物《实践中的综合方法》，展示一些国家通过创新方法来发展可持续基础设施。

随着 COVID-19 引发全球刺激支出浪潮，欧洲投资银行副行长 Ambroise Fayolle 表示，这些原则的发布“是及时的，提醒我们所有人重建更美好的重要性。 ”

A report by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), International Principles of Good Practice for Sustainable Infrastructure states that the development of sustainable infrastructure is essential to combat climate change, improve public services, and drive COVID-19 economic recovery. It urges planners and policymakers to take a more systematic approach to sustainable infrastructure, integrating it into their long-term development plans and ensuring that man-made systems work in tandem with natural systems.

"We can no longer afford to use a business-as-usual approach to infrastructure, which can lead to ecological damage and massive CO2 emissions. Investing in sustainable infrastructure is not only good for the environment, but it also provides economic and social benefits. Low-carbon, nature-friendly infrastructure projects can help minimize the sector's environmental footprint and provide a more sustainable and cost-effective way to close the infrastructure gap," said Inger Andersen, executive director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

The report mentions that the built environment, such as office buildings, highways and power plants, accounts for 70 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions. Poorly designed infrastructure can also displace local residents, endanger wildlife and affect public finances for decades.

"We urgently need sustainable and climate-resilient infrastructure as an integral part of green growth to provide energy, water and transportation solutions that promote opportunity, connectivity and sustainable growth." said former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. He is currently the director of the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), which is also a partner of UNEP. Ban also said the report is "a very useful guiding framework for developing sustainable infrastructure."

To help countries achieve this goal, the report provides guidelines for governments to integrate sustainability into their infrastructure decisions. It recommends that countries integrate their infrastructure planning with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. It also urges minimizing the environmental footprint of construction projects and meaningfully involving local communities in infrastructure decision-making.

The report also highlights the economic returns of sustainable infrastructure, including renewable energy plants, environmentally friendly public buildings and low-carbon transportation. Investing in renewable energy and energy efficiency creates five times more jobs than investing in fossil fuels, it says. According to the World Bank, every $1 invested in resilient infrastructure in developing countries generates a return of $4.

In addition, UNEP has released a companion publication to the International Principles of Good Practice for Sustainable Infrastructure, "An Integrated Approach in Practice," showcasing innovative approaches to sustainable infrastructure development in a number of countries.

With COVID-19 triggering a global wave of stimulus spending, Ambroise Fayolle, vice president of the European Investment Bank, said the release of the principles "is timely and reminds us all of the importance of rebuilding for the better. "