Raw Materials Critical for the Green Transition: Production, international trade and export restrictions

The shift to renewable energy and a net-zero future depends on critical raw materials, but how are production, trade and export restrictions shaping their availability?

This report offers a first-of-its-kind analysis, using data from 2009-2020, to assess global trends in critical raw material supply, trade flows and export restrictions.

It highlights production and trade concentrations, explores how export restrictions impact availability and prices, and provides insights into the growing exposure of OECD countries to these policies.