Due to high carbon emission in production and low carbon emission in consumption, China is facing a severe test in economic development and carbon emission control. If the model of western developed countries is followed, it is likely that China will take the old road of high consumption and high emission while enhancing economic growth and living standard substantially. Therefore, a complete and systematic low carbon development pattern is very important to China. The core tenet of low carbon society is to coordinate the conflict between development and carbon emission reduction target. However, it does not emphasize only on the change of economic model but tries to create a completely new form of human society development through overall transformation of social mechanism, institutional design, regional planning and life style. After summarizing the study on and practice of low carbon society in China and comparing international low carbon society concept and method, it is found that China has deficiencies in comprehensive approach to low carbon society, leading role of low carbon cities in building a low carbon society and public awareness on and participation in low carbon, which are the key points of study and practice in the future.
