
This report is intended to provide a framework for finance for climate action, covering the overall needs for the comprehensive approach embodied in the Paris Agreement and UNFCCC.

Reflecting on the past 10 years of tracking global climate finance flows, the report presents key observations on climate finance and concludes with key actions to rapidly scale climate finance to the trillions.

The report provides a comprehensive assessment of the global gap in climate action across the world’s highest-emitting systems.

This report aims to serve as a reference document on NDC content and how it has evolved since the Paris Agreement entered into force, to inform the global stocktake and the Glasgow work programmes on mitigation ambition and adaptation, and to shape subsequent NDCs.

This paper outlines some key recommendations for how low-income countries can achieve Paris alignment and how multilateral banks can address gaps across the policy-based operation (PBO) process.