This case study analyses multiple ecosystem services provided by the landscape of the Urban Community of Bordeaux, France, between 1990 and 2006 as a result of land use and cover change (LUCC). The studied ecosystem services were food provisioning, flood regulation, water quality, erosion regulation, recreation, climate regulation, and biodiversity. These were selected with the help of local stakeholders and were calculated using a spatially explicit modeling approach with InVEST and own-produced models. The study also utilized free tools and open data, such as Corine Land Cover data.
The study found that all ecosystem services, except erosion regulation, have decreased as a consequence of LUCC. In addition, the results suggest that LUCC change decisions that do not consider policy measures for ecosystem services protection tend to generate land use patterns that provide lower levels of ecosystem services.
This approach enables an informed discussion with stakeholders and may be used to effectively implement, monitor, and communicate future planning policies.
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This case study summarizes the results of a review of the policy-related users and uses of the environmental accounts compiled in a select group of developed countries.
This case study contributes to the incorporation of the concept of ecosystem services on the ground in concrete operational decision-making contexts. It does so by testing the use of open-source data and free tools as well as the adoption of a short-term participatory process, in the context of a project in the urban metropolitan area of Bordeaux, France.
In an effort to better understand the interactions between economic activity and the environment, this report computes the CO2 emissions caused by French domestic demand in 2005, taking into account both the national productive system as well as any activities abroad, such as imports. The aggregate figure calculated amounts to just over 550 million tonnes (9 tonnes per year per inhabitant). This number is then broken down to show that 75 percent of these emissions are produced by household consumption expenditure, mainly on housing, transport, and food; 10 percent are produced by general government consumer expenditure; and 15 percent by investment.
France’s regional climate, air, and energy plans seek to guide climate and energy policy in the 26 French regions through 2020 and 2050.