This report examines the transition risks to the economy of South Africa—and its government, municipalities, companies, and financial institutions—from a global economic transition to a low-carbon economy. The analysis in the report not only quantifies the downside risk of South Africa’s transition, but it also forecasts some of the potential benefits of a transition such as the impact of a lower global oil price that is passed through to consumers.
This paper evaluates the level of integration of climate mitigation and adaptation in cities’ local climate action plans and explores the different types of mitigation—adaptation interrelationships. It comprehensively evaluates nine adaptation and mitigation plans and presents a framework, which identifies the following sectors as avenues for synergy (or co-benefits): urban greening, urban agriculture, and water management.
This proposal is a long-term key plan that maps out the road Japan should take to realise a decarbonised society towards GHG reduction strategy for 2050 as required under the Paris Agreement.
The Nordic countries rank high in international reports of nations' progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Along with other industrialised countries, however, the Nordic countries have been ranked poorly in their progress towards SDG12, which concerns sustainable consumption and production. This report assesses Nordic countries’ progress towards SDG12, looks closer at their main challenges in achieving SDG12, and identifies recommendations that Nordic national governments and the Nordic Council of Ministers can adopt to accelerate progress in areas that are currently lagging.
This report identifies a mix of 21 policy levers with which it would be possible to achieve Mexico’s conditional nationally determined contribution (NDC) at an average cost of US$12 per ton.