Browse Research

Transportation mode choices, distances traveled and resulting CO₂ emissions are influenced by transport infrastructures. The latter will either lock-in transport patterns in high-emitting modes or accompany low-carbon pathways. At the same time, future mobility demand increase requires rapid build-up of new infrastructures and upgrade of existing ones. Here the authors quantify investments needs for transport infrastructures over time to reach both development and climate objectives in different world regions. Investments needs between world regions are compared and the main factors determining investment needs for each region are analyzed. To do so, the authors build an ensemble of socio-economic scenarios with the integrated assessment model Imaclim-R combining alternatives on model parameters determining mobility patterns. The authors estimate the investments consistent with the passengers and freight transportation trends in the scenarios and identify their main determinants.

The purpose of the Review of Screening Tools to Assess Sustainability and Climate Resilience of Infrastructure Development was to understand what types of tools were being used in practice, the scale of their application and if any could be identified as best practice and thus promoted more widely.

The authors study the impact of institutional characteristics of national and supranational regulation on the effectiveness of both types of regulation. The focus is on four institutional dimensions: regulatory capacity, accountability, commitment and fiscal capacity. It is shown how supranational regulation may reduce or worsen the challenges imposed by national institutional weaknesses. The analysis allows an identification of the costs and benefits of supranational regulation in very diversified institutional contexts. It also explains why some desirable changes from a global welfare perspective are unlikely to take place unless the losers of market integration are somehow compensated when national regulation is unlikely to do so as a result of some of its weaknesses. 

As Ontario and other provinces move toward a greener economy, policymakers should consider the implications of these changes on employment opportunities, and particularly opportunities for decent work. The report Decent Work in the Green Economy explores this challenge.

Feasibility assessment has been conducted in order to make a decision for investment on transportation infrastructure in Korea. With respect to the feasibility assessment, the Ministry of Finance has conducted a pre-feasibility study and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation has implemented a feasibility evaluation. However, the methodology for real application in consideration of deep uncertainty has been limited to a sensitivity analysis and scenario evaluation. In this regard, the Korea Transport Institute (KOTI), which is under the Prime Minister’s Office, is currently conducting a case study in order to come up with a practical methodology for DMU techniques application. As the outcome of this process, KOTI has developed suitable DMU techniques for Korea and applied them to the past case on that basis. With definition of uncertainties on transportation infrastructure, KOTI is planning to present implications and limitations, and explain the efforts that should be implemented in order to apply them in Korea in the future.